I call bullshit, since the objective of both are mutually exclusive. Chromebook is great if you live on the internet, have few to no local files, and just use your laptop for browsing & email.
Surface Pros are full laptop replacements. There are some niche uses for it, other than just as laptops. Say I have a peripheral that only Windows can recognize, it makes sense to have something like a Surface Pro, or if one is on a budget, HP Stream or a WinBook. Like I have a Brother label maker, which my PC-BSD setup can't recognize. That's the sort of thing I'd want a Wintel tablet for, provided it has the appropriate USB slots and drivers.
Other than that, non-Windows alternatives are great
Richard, the GP did mention 'GNU/Linux', and while referring to the ChromeOS, mentioned just Linux. That is correct - ChromeOS doesn't use your GNU corelib or shell utilities. Google has used others in building both ChromeOS as well as Android. So it's not accurate to describe ChromeOS as 'GNU/Linux'.
Also, if within GNU/Linux (let's take your favorite - gNewSense) - one doesn't go into emacs or bash, but instead, X11 comes up, followed by LXDE, and the user simply kicks up an instance of FireFox or Chrome, or say, runs a game of FreeCiv, would s/he still be using 'GNU'? In what way?
So there is this trend about wanting to run 'foreign' OSs on computers that come w/ one already. The other day, the question was running Linux on a MacBook Air, then one about running standard non-Libre Linux on the Librem, and today, running a normal GNU/Linux distro on a Chromebook.
I can understand why people replace Windows - particularly Windows 8.x, which is what I did (using PC-BSD). What I don't understand is why anyone would replace any POSIX based OS w/ your run of the mill distro. If you have a MacBook, then OS-X already supports whatever the MacBook will be dealing w/. If you have a Librem, you have Purism OS, which is Trisquel, and which has been specifically engineered to that box. If you have a Chromebook, Google has already made ChromeOS support anything that the Chromebook will have to do.
So aside from losing some of the capabilities you have of your laptop, what exactly is the fun in getting a run-of-the-mill Linux on your Chromebook, replacing ChromeOS? Why not take that box, and see what other apps are there - maybe Android apps - that could run on your Chromebook?
I have all 3 - a laptop, a phone and a tablet.
Laptop I use for work, and also, for getting on the internet and participating on sites like this one. Phone, I use for calls and FaceTime, as well as for shopping lists, Yelp! and a few others. Tablet I use for books and watching videos. All 3 platforms I use for different games.
Also, since the laptop is not a Windows laptop, there are some apps, like WebEx, that I use on the tablet. In some cases, it saves me from the need to have Windows on the laptop. I'm not a heavy user of Office, so Calligra Suite works for reading the documents I need to read. Once Windows 10 is out, I might get a WinBook or similar Windows tablet in order to edit the documents I need to edit. But otherwise, a lot of the apps I'd have got on a PC on Windows are now available on Android or iOS, so my tablet or phone can work there.
YMMV
I tell them to turn to the study of mathematics, for it is only there that they might escape the lusts of the flesh. -- Thomas Mann, "The Magic Mountain"