" it allows them to vent their issues and opinions. "
You say "allow" I say "empower." Same concept.
I'm under no illusion that we can fix society, because it's full of fucked up people who are essentially raised to be mean, bigoted assholes by their parents (who are generally mean, bigoted assholes).
Allowing the borderline assholes to explore these tendencies and gain confidence in their ability to emotionally torture others will not fix them. Allowing full-on assholes to do the same is no better.
"Anonymity actually empowers society to see the underlying issues within when they are small and addressable"
I would disagree. Society is not a user interface on a computer database; not even close. And simply showing that there are assholes among us is no closer to a solution. We know they're there. All this does is reinforce their belief that being an asshole is perfectly acceptable, because there are no consequences for doing so.
If you went to class every day and called your professor an ugly cunt that should be beaten every day, how would that affect your relationship with that professor? If you said your professor was a dick and should have someone sodomize him with a baseball bat during the Q&A portion of a lecture, would that help or hurt your grade in the class? What if you could do it anonymously? Which of those two cases would produce a better societal outcome for you, personally? Which one would produce a better outcome for the class as a whole?
The anonymous platform does not benefit society in these cases, only the speaker. Most of Yik Yak is innocuous. The subset we're talking about is, imho, abusive.