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Journal Journal: Using nuclear reactors in load following mode 1

From http://www.berr.gov.uk/files/file46772.pdf pp76

There is evidence however that nuclear plant can be designed to vary its output if required. In the case of France there are currently 58 Pressurised Water Reactors (PWR) operating, representing about 70% of the installed generation capacity and such plant has to provide flexible output. In load following mode these reactors can vary its output between 25% and 100% of rated output[29]. Load following can be done twice a day acting directly on the nuclear reaction or/and the cooling system. In 2002, 48 PWRs in France operated in a load following mode[30].

The most recent nuclear plant in France (Flamanville 3, in Lower Normandy, EPR design currently under construction) will have considerable response capability[31] being able to maintain its output at 25% and then ramp up to full output at a rate of 2.5% of rated power per minute up to 60% output
and at 5% of rated output per minute up to rated power. This means that potentially the unit can change its output from 25% to 100% in less than 30 minutes.

[29]
      âoeProgrammation pluriannuelle des investissements de production électriqueâ, 29 Janvier 2002, MinistÃre de lâ(TM)économie, des finances et de lâ(TM)industrie
[30]
      âoeRapport sur la durée de vie des centrales nucléaires et les nouveaux types de réacteursâ, 13-14 mai 2003, Parlement franÃais)
[31]
      âoeRapport préléminaire de sÃreté de Flamanville 3, version publiqueâ , EDF, Pg 26 http://www.edf.fr/html/epr/rps/chap01/chap01.pdf

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