Le Wiki Koumbit: https://wiki.koumbit.net/AndroidFreeSoftware
The Replicant for Android list: http://trac.osuosl.org/trac/replicant/wiki/ListOfKnownFreeSoftwareApps
The Wikiperdia list: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Open_Source_Android_Applications
Hamming code was the first discovery in an immense field called coding theory
First discovery? I would say Shannon's historic paper on coding theory "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" from 1948 was earlier.
Well, MeeGo goes a step beyond and you can actually contribute code to it, you can see it being developed in open. In the end, It's all relative: iOS is less open than Android and Android is less open than MeeGo.
To call Android less open than MeeGo is rubbish. Software is as open as it can get when it is FOSS. Android is licensed under the Apache license and the GPL. So, by definition Android is totally FOSS. There is nothing that could be more FOSS than something that is already FOSS.
The fact that Google develops Android behind closed doors is a different matter and doesn't make the released software less open. You can take the current Android release, fork it and contribute code to it just as it was the case for Cyanogen mod and a dozen other mods. That the main developer of the project (Google) works in privacy doesn't change the openness of the software project.
Perhaps Big Brother is precisely what we, as a civilization, need in order to realize that it's a horrible thing to live like that. After all, experience is a good teacher.
The problem is, once we have it in place it is very hard to get rid of it. When the government watches your every step you cannot form a successful resistance. Even today it is prohibited to assemble a great crowd without letting the police force know about it (at least in Germany).
The only Ubuntu/Nexus installations I can find are running in a chroot, like the Debian that grandparent mentions. Win95 wouldn't run natively anyway.
There is a tutorial at http://www.irregular-expression.com/ for installing Debian on a Nexus One that runs directly on the hardware, no chroot. The only catch is that you need a PC hooked up to the device in order to initiate booting. So the only thing that is missing to be usable in the field is a bootloader that is able to boot an alternative OS. Or you could try to keep the device running without rebooting, but I guess that Debian without chroot is a bit too power hungry for that.
We are each entitled to our own opinion, but no one is entitled to his own facts. -- Patrick Moynihan