I think we would be better if we could do this at a societal level instead of private companies but the system we have is private companies. Many of these ideas actually take close to 10 years to get to market and the FDA is only a small part of that. These new DNA and protein based medications are HARD to make. I don't think the average person has any clue how hard it is to make. If you had an entire swimming pool filled with your raw materials the amount of drug you can get out of that is about the size of a marble.

Worse just getting it is not enough, you also have to purify it, remove all contaminants etc. 2 years is just not enough time to do that.

There is nothing for them to compete with. These are the first medicines of their type EVER. The problem is that it is so expensive to develop and make these drugs that if the patent only lasted 2 years it would be 8 years before you where even ready to make it that the patent expired and your competitors would be able to work on making it also but at a tiny fraction of the cost.

DNA, protein and nanotech type drugs are so hard to make that from discovery it often takes about 10 years to put them into production. We are at a point right now where we have figured out a way to make something in a lab but not how to make it at an industrial scale. If you lowered patents to 2 years for this stuff you would stop all work on it.

We have also just started using stuff like CRISPR-CAS to do DNA editing on humans. It is likely to take at least 10 years just to get something approved and that does not cover figure out how to actually make it at scale.

I used to think that drugs should have much shorter protections but since actually taking classes in how to make them, how to get them approved etc and how hard they are to make my views have changed. Sure the short molecule drugs that most traditional pharmaceuticals are may be almost trivially easy to make but the newer biotech types ones are HARD. I mean insanely mind mindbogglingly hard. Many of the protein based drugs start with a 10,000L vat and end up at the end with 4 kg of product. Overall to make that 4 kg takes many millions of dollars for each batch and it does not help many people. However if you ever want that technology to improve then the patents on it have to last long enough to justify what it takes to make it.

However if those libraries are already installed on your system it should be fairly easy to update them. For zope 2.x the changes in python product code have been fairly minimal across all versions and the python changes from 1.5 to 2.7 are pretty easy to change also. The only big issue I can see is if the system used zclasses and I thought that could still be installed in a modern zope version, just heavily recommended against. However zclasses are normally fairly easy to rebuild as a pure python product.

I wonder why you can't migrate stuff from Zope 2.5.1 to newer versions? I started with applications from Zope 2.0 and migrated them step by step to 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 etc up through 2.13 and each step was usually a few hours of work or less.

Zope 2.x continues to be updated and maintained. It was zope 3.x which was abandoned. You can go to https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Zope2/2.13.21 and download the latest version of zope. It was even discussed to rename zope 2.x to zope 4.x but that was dropped since they thought it would be even more confusing. Zope 2.x has also run on the python 2.7 for a very long time now and so far I have upgraded apps written in zope 2.0 all the way up through 2.13 over the years with very few problems.

I would like to see full disclosure of ALL ingredients. The full chemical information for every single one. Just saying that something has GMO in it is darn close to worthless. What if you know that some GMO tomato variant is very good for you but some corn variant is bad. If all you have is GMO yes or no that tells you nothing. If I know the food has XXX GMO tomato varient, yyy natural strain corn, zzz GMO variant potato etc then that is useful.

Based on the professional scientists I have worked with they can't do it either. Based on the level of fraud in scientific papers that have been found for new drugs it seems that very very few actually can do it to those thresholds. Sure they can lie at that level but they can't do science at that level.

What is worse is that those clueless people have cratered the market for people that actually know what they are doing. I have had customers try to outsource something, fail but then come back and try to negotiate a price in the ballpark of what they outsourced the project for even though the outsourced project did not work. They try to argue that they at least have a ballpark estimate to work from. Even had one customer turn off the ordering system on their site that tied into the inventory tracking system because the new system was just about to go online ... that was about 3 years ago and the new system never did get online at all.

That is a major reason I went back to school to change fields. Well that and how do you get something more exciting than DNA editing to cure diseases?

However works on the galaxy note series of items so long as you are using the spen. However what I have learned is to mostly work on removing hover wherever possible since it is non-obvious to many people. The bootstrap menus do a nice job of making a menu that works without hover and is immediately obvious what it does and how it works.

We don't even know what you see now. We don't know if we see the same colors the same things etc. Remember we are taught that a certain color is red. So long as what you see is consistent we both have the same name for the same color but we don't know if they look the same to both of us. In the end so long as it works that is all that really matters.

I have heard of sleep and resting. I think it is a myth that is promoted by business majors. :)

I technically have next week off for thanksgiving break but mostly professors see it as a time where you don't have class and can spend even more time getting work done so .... not really a break. It is so strange but every engineer that talks to us tells us that work is less than half as hard as school. :) At least I get out in may.

Okay I found the bill really sucks to read. It showed the 10kWh under the total but later it also showed 290 kWh under the total which makes a lot more sense. Still seems like a very small amount.

I use about 10kWh per month. There are lots of things I could do to make things more efficient still like more efficient devices, better insulation etc.

I have multiple computers that are always on, refrigerator, stove, oven, water heater, furnace, AC etc. I also spend a fair bit of each day at home (studying, working etc).

Either I am insanely low or that poll is designed for people that leave their AC on full blast with the windows open in the summer.

I only know it from class which means that it could be wrong. However my professors emphasized that we have special enzymes designed to change a trans to cis linkage but only at certain locations. That is just due to the size of these molecules and what our enzymes can do. If a trans connection is somewhere else then the enzyme does not fit right and doesn't break it. However since those lipids can still be broken on their other cis links they can be broken up small enough that an enzyme to put them into a cholesterol. This can end up with the trans part getting stuck in the enzyme and your cell destroying that enzyme or it could end up in the cholesterol and malformed which leads to damage.

I wish I knew of an article though because that would make this much more believable. All I really have is the information from professors and my knowledge of how cells operate so the actual mechanism is mostly just reasoned out so it could be entirely wrong.