That's it? Try 400 MILLION years. The earth had much higher levels of CO2, and yet animals survived just fine. Humans would be okay as well. In fact it used to be a tropical paradise with plants growing everywhere, since they had tons of CO2 to consume and thrive. I fail to see the drawback of higher CO2.
First off, the OP said that 280 ppm is "suddenly" more than the biosphere can handle. There's nothing sudden about 400k years. In fact, in recent geological history, 380ppm is quite an anomaly.
As to your point, the water level was also several hundred feet higher 400 million years ago. I guess you don't mind if Florida, Hawaii, California, New York, London, New Delhi, Washington, Vancouver, most of Italy, and countless other places just vanish under the ocean when the ice caps melt?
Furthermore, if the temperature gets too hot, hydrogen sulfide that has been building up (and been sequestered there due to temperature) for millions of years will outgas from the ocean, and kill almost every animal on the planet.
Furthermore, if carbon levels continue to increase, the acidity of the ocean will continue to increase, which could kill off most of the protozoa and plankton that form the basis of the entire food chain.
Yes, the Earth was hotter 400 million years ago. The point is that upsetting the current balance is likely to have all sorts of catastrophic effects. Because guess what? During those 400 million years you're talking about, when we see rapid changes in temperature and CO2, you know what else we see? Massive extinction events.
Do you see the downside now, or were you just being facetious in the first place?