Firstly the Nasa mistake was actually caused by Lockheed Martin. Lockheed's
Deepwater fiasco cost an atrocious amount of money (Billions), and turned the Coast Guard's old (but still usable) cutters into scrap. According to congressional testimony these 8 cutters were unfit to gift to Panama to use in river patrol suffering from 'prematurely' cracked hulls. They would make those mistakes anyway, being (imho) the Microsoft of the Aerospace world.
As for the Tokyo incident, how do you not notice that an axle doesn't fit? If there is slop in it, it's pretty easy to tell there is a problem. The individuals responsible would find ways to make other costly mistakes. Besides these were ASIANS, come on man, if they can't do it, there is no hope for the rest of us. Unless Russians are better at math than Asians? Since we're all being so racist anyway...
I really dislike the idea of America having such racist standards, and it isn't that I am one of those double think monkeys, that loves the idea of celebrating our diversity through being 'Politically Correct', as celebrating diversity by removing it is impressively thoughtless.
Costly mistakes
happen regardless (page iv)
I do agree that the metric system is a better system to use as it's flexibility, range, and ease of precisional use keep things more straight forward. I use it myself whenever I am calculating something that matters. I however recognize that it is a person's free choice to use whatever system they prefer. I don't believe in government mandates, I would rather have inefficiency with my freedom, so I won't gripe about it, and overall? It isn't that big of a deal. Converting from one system to another is just one small hassle of an engineering challenge, and life is not ideal. Think of the many many times that people throughout the world convert from one system of calculation, or measurement to another without error.
The biggest problem with our educational system is the way that we are taught. We should be presented with concepts, and have a very firm grasp of them BEFORE vocabulary is introduced. This gives the human mind (at least mine) a firm handle to actually conceptualize, and retain the area being studied. It is a lot like learning hands on for it's effectiveness. It needs to be known that understanding the concept is 90% of education. The vocabulary is necessary, but without a firm grasp on the concept, there is no foundation, and the inextricably linked series of memories that we like to call 'education' will be washed away, never to return. In our current state we would be far better of by polling people who have exited K-12 schools 5 years down the road, and only teaching the things that those people remembered...