That was the original question: Which jobs will be replaced by robots (e.g. not given to you)? The whole point of the article is what career to chose if you don't want to be replaced by robots. And the grand parent offered some ideas, which I doubted. While those jobs may be not directly replaced by robots, we just need less and less of them. For your career, it is mainly irrelevant if you get replaced by a robot, or if your job just becomes obsolete. You will get fired.

1. Maintenance workers

Yes, they are all humans, but while you don't replace them with robots, you just need less and less of them. In the 1950ies and even in the 1970ies for instance, a computer had to untergo regular maintenance. The tape drives and the programming card feeders had to be cleaned and readjusted, worn out bearings had to be replaced, all the others had to be lubricated, boards with defective elements were pulled, the elements soldered out and new elements built in, the boards were put back etc.pp.

Those maintenance jobs are almost gone. Today, you let your hard drive run until it fails, then you replace it with a new one. The data is on RAID anyway, and the new hard drive will be filled with data automatically. All the compute boards are now a single main board and some bars of memory, and replacing them is easy. And have you ever repaired a network switch? No, you get a new one from the spare parts storage and just replug everything. Thus a single person now can do maintenance for a whole data center during a shift, when in former times, you need dozens - and that was only for that single mainframe running the central database.

And in general, the main time between failures has gone up for almost every computer component. Most of them don't fail anyway until they get replaced because they become obsolete.

2. Design and engineering

Yes, the actual design of a new component is human work, but design as a career has a big disadvantage: design per se is no steady work. Once done, a single design is finished, and now it can be used over and over again. And there is no guarantee, that a new design is necessary after you finalized the last one. Or at least, there is no guarantee that you get paid for a new design because the old one is good enough. And many tasks in a design bureau are now computerized anyway. No technical draftspersons anymore for the finalization, whose task is now done perfectly by AutoCAD and the like. Drawing an RC-circuit is now a single point and click, and not a 10 min task to get everything rectangular and nicely fitted into the page. Need just the electrical installation of a construction plan? I'll send the approbriate layers to the printer instead of calling the assistant draftsperson. And the fan-in and fan-out of a circuit or a sub-component is now calculated on the fly and the right connectors with the right capacity to PWR and GND are automaticly put into my new chip design. My mother worked as a typograph, and I remember, when I was a child, she was sitting at her desk, cutting the galley proofs to length to arrange them on a page and glued them in place, intermixed with the drawings and the marginals and the footnotes and the headlines. Now this whole typesetting process is highly automated, text flows freely around other typographic objects, and we just point and click to change everything from one-column to two-columns.

3. Programming

For programming in general, see 2. Most of the tedious, but steady parts of programming are now done by prefabricated software components, by libraries, by integrated developing environments, by code generators. We have code profilers, we have test case generators, we have automated versioning. A single programmer can maintain larger and larger code bases. We have large databases of code samples, easily browseable. We have online communities for complicated questions.

4. Construction

Actually, construction needs less and less people. Many parts are prefabricated. Others are standardized, and easily mounted on site. You don't see people building window frames on a construction site. Windows are built in highly automated plants and then shipped on site, mounted with construction foam, and then everything is done. We don't mount individual planks, we have large wooden panels. We don't use the hammer to drive in a nail, we have pneumatic nailing machines. We don't do individual cabling anymore, we do structured cabling, where we just run some 100-pair-cables from site to site and then patch everything in place. In the 1970ies, network wires were individually pulled through the building and then soldered on sockets. Today, we just use the crimp tool, and we buy a big selection of 3ft, 6ft and 10ft Cat-6-cables. And we standardize everything on IP.

5. Art

How many paintings do you have on your wall? How many of them did you actually buy and not just inherited them or got them as a present? We can get about every slightly famous painting as high quality print on canvas. We could just upload our own photographs to some website, and two days later, we get them printed with some "real paint" effect, and framed to hang them on the wall -- no artist involved. If all musicians of the world stopped making music right now, we could listen for the rest of our lives to music without any repetion of a single piece just from the freely available music on the web. Most of us could easily do without any living artist. It's just our decision not to do so. And even if computers would be able to churn out real Work of Art (maybe they do already?), many of us will support human artists just for the sake of it... in principle, we do it right now also. But as ever, being an artist will not feed most of them who want to. Only a few of them will be able to make a living from their art. Becoming an artist will thus never be a regular career. But alas, it never was anyway.

Many of the jobs you describe may not be directly replaced by a robot, but they become more and more rationalized, or they just become obsolete.

So yes, even credit rating agencies are only allowed to process data the person in question has allowed. Most contracts which are related to credits like mobile phone planes or opening a banking account thus contain wordings regarding the cooperation with credit rating agencies.

Your mass prevents it from happening. As you get closer and closer to c, your mass increases, requiring more energy to accelerate you further.

To actually move at c, you'd require infinite energy. You don't have infinite energy, hence you can't hit c.

Now, the trick with the tube would be this:
Take, say, a six foot by six foot square of material. Lets say light can move 3 feet/second, and you can move 1 foot/second, and you want to get a dinky car, represnting you, from the middle of the left edge to the middle of the right edge.

Light will do that in two seconds. The dinky car will do it in six seconds.

Now, pick up the cloth, and hang it over a clothes line. Hook a dinky-car sized flexible tube from point A to point B on the two edges. They'll be an inch or two apart. Light still travels along the surface, and takes two seconds to get there. Your dinky car, however, gets there virtually instantly.

Your car didn't move any faster, you just warped space to decrease the distance you had to travel.

Indeed. Web browsers have generally not been on my list of applications that are permitted to play sound, ever since the capability to play MIDI was introduced in Netscape. Why would anyone want that? I do NOT want random websites that I look at to be able to decide what sound comes out of my speakers. I already have a media player, thanks, and the web browser is not it.

Btw. lizard is no cladistic category. Lizard is a habitus that often appears in certain groups of amniotes. But the lizards within the amniotes are not closely related to each other, or at least not more closely than to other amniotes. The lizardlike crocodiles are more closely related to birds (both are archosauria) than for instance to the Komodo dragon, though they look very similar. The Komodo dragon instead is more closely related to snakes and to the ancient marine mosasaurs than for instance the wall lizards.

I was a major Amiga evangelist back then. But unfortunately, Commodore didn't really know what it had and screwed it all up. They kept trying to shoehorn it into being a "business" computer or something like that, instead of playing up on it's strengths over DOS and the dreadful Macs at the time.

And ultimately, what made the Amiga great was also it's downfall, as it's special chips (Agnes, Paula, Denise etc) couldn't really scale to a new architecture.

I'd love to hold society to the standard that no child should have to risk death due to parental stupidity. That's just not California. If you really want to uphold this ideal, you'll have to crusade for myriad causes, including gun control, obesity-fighting measures, tighter distribution of driver's licenses, promotion of breastfeeding, etc, etc. On the list of annual deaths in California caused by parental stupidity, lack of vaccination is near the bottom of the list.

All of this is true. However, lack of vaccination will rapidly climb the lists if America's current anti-science, anti-education and anti-logic trends are allowed to continue.

I don't think there's a downside to a minimum wage, or at least, not a compelling one.

As to specific implementation details. I really don't know. Not my field. My lay opinion would be that, well, it needs to be tied to the local cost of living and what not, but it would be a bitch to administrate. But no, having the minimum wage in Buttfuck Arkansas and Los Angeles be the same is probably sub-optimal.

I intended more to point out that while a small increase is basically a cost-of-living raise, a large increase will, indeed, likely do more harm than good.

I don't think there's any downside. But there are all sorts of upsides to working towards eliminating preventable, fatal diseases.

No child should have to risk death because their parents are stupid.