We need more research on animals to test this.

I think you missed the point there. Low O2 was the norm until the Cambrian explosion. They are suggesting that higher O2 sparked the explosion, as it opened up new ways for plant and animals to metabolize.

Now who's trying to sound smart. The fragmentation of neanderthal DNA strings in modern genomes is chaotic, because of repeated mixture of genomes with differing amounts of aforementioned genes, and with varying numbers of generations since it's introduction. The article even states that the timeframe for the introduction of neanderthal genes into this individuals genetic makeup is more accurately defineable than is possible for modern humans.

Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is also a classification used by some.

Firstly, Sweden has a tiny fraction of the population of the US. Secondly, I note you said people working the in United States, not people educated in the United States.

You obviously misunderstand. Their higher taxes are a result of those different social and cultural characteristics, as also is their better quality of life.

That is quite possible. However, I would like to point out that scientists are rated as some of the friendliest, or warmest, people. If you look at the diagram in the article, it lists about 45 jobs (I wasn't too careful counting). Scientists appear to be in 13th place.

In Italy, mostly a region in the north. Here's a wikipedia link, I'm sure there's better information elsewhere. Venetian nationalism

You're missing the scare-mongering by many nations in the EU that have regions with aspirations of self determination, eg. Italy & Spain. They do not like the idea of other countries allowing break-away regions, and threaten barring Scotland re-entry to the EU as a warning to their own dissatisfied citizens. Even China has had a few politicians pipe up, because they fear the impact Scottish independence might have on dissidents in places like Tibet. Of course, it is all rubbish. Scotland has something far more precious to the EU than it's oil and gas, which only make a difference to the other constituent parts of the Union. Scotland has vast fisheries which are shared with the EU at large, over which it would gain sovereign control.

Stop mischaracterizing socialism and go back to fondling your copy of Atlas Shrugged. Socialism is founded on the principle that people should be able to make money; people should be compensated for good work with decent pay. Did you ever notice an abundance of leftist political parties throughout the western world with names like "Party for the Unemployed" or "The Union of Shirkers"? No, most of them have names like "The Labour Party", or "The Worker's Party", because they are founded by and seek to look after the people who do most of the work.

Why then does the government not step in? A similar industry, in terms of how important its end product is, is farming. Agriculture in the USA gets huge subsidies to provide cheap food for the masses lest they starve. Ironically perhaps, the poor nutritional quality of many industrially manufactured foods products that result from an abundance of cheap raw materials (many of which are perfectly fine foods in moderation, but not as an entire diet), packed with starches and corn syrup with flavourings and fats added to trick people into liking them, is probably the leading cause of the need for drugs.