regarding... "makes it impossible to remain anonymous â" even without the use of tracking software."
Hello World -
You are carrying a PHONE. Your PHONE is a mobile phone, and requires a radio link to the local tower to connect your call.
Yes, this means that a system must be able to locate you to deliver your connection, and maintain your connection while you move from cellular tower to cellular tower.
You must chose:
1) If you want to remain anonymous, then have your radio information delivered to you by one-way-broadcasting. Turning on your car-radio allows you to receive the broadcasts, without actively revealing your location. Drawback: it's not a conversation.
2) If you want to have a two-way conversation, then you're going to have your call routed to you, and your radio phone sending back. You will not now, nor never will be anonymous in this scenario.
The solution: make choices based on your values. Stop waiting for a Deus ex Machina.
If societal norm is carrying a phone, and you chose not to - then you are in sync with your values, and not society.
Similar to a person who chooses a "car-free" lifestyle, biking 20 miles each direction for a work commute. Not typical, but not harmful to society. People might think it's odd, but will either adapt (or, stop inviting that person to breakfast meetings at the office, because they are stinking of sweat :-) )
In conclusion: It's your life. Choose. Choose with the understanding that no two way radio phone conversation is anonymous.