Sure, but if it takes them 1000x longer to industrialize than it took us, that would be about 0.0002 billion years, barely a blink of an eye in geologic time. And we use roughly 0% of our fossil fuels for spaceflight, and hydrogen/oxygen is one of the best fuels (specific impulse) that there is.
The only reason we're burning through millions of years of fossil fuels is that it is already there cheaply available and because the natural process to make them is stupidly inefficient. All we really need is a sufficiently stable society. And though our countries only tend to last about 0.000001 billion years, even during big events like the Bronze Age Collapse and the Dark Ages we didn't really lose much in the way of progress, so it's quite plausible even our fairly unstable species could figure it out.
Oh and hydro, wind, and solar power are all pre-industrial, in case you were wondering. And steam would work fine with our earliest solar power plants (forests) or the alleged Archimedes solar death ray. It would all just be slower, not impossible. And unless it is about 1,000,000,000% slower without fossil fuels there's plenty of time for a post-human dolphin society to re-evolve land dwelling and escape to space before our planet dies.