He can't because there's a law capping the amount that can be printed bills. However coins are handled by a seperate law that fails to specify a limit on denomination.
Of course a president shouldn't do this - spending authority is supposed to come from Congress, but Congress has given the President contradictory orders: it has passed a budget that mandates spending, then turned around an said it might deny him the authority to raise the money to carry out the orders. At the same time, the 14th Ammendment says that public debt *must* be honored. So how does a president resolve the conflicting orders?.
If the debt ceiling is not raised, then whatever he does whether it's spent or default, will come down to some technicality/loophole. Openly talking about actually doing to the trillion dollar coin or defaulting on debt is basically acknowledging that we're down to the endgame of this silly debate. The Debt Ceiling is a stupid concept - the debate over how far to go into debt belongs in the budget. Cutting it out of the budget and treating it like it can somehow be a seperate issue is just a recipee for pointless bickering and brinksmanship.
For better or worse, research will simply take place in whatever jurisdiction doesn't pass those laws.
The dotted line we draw around humanity is, ultimately, an arbitrary choice. There was a time not long ago where the definition of "person" excluded whole races and whole genders. And even though we have a person good grasp of how far to extend the shield of our empathy and citizenship, there are still people pushing the boundary further (animal welfare, the great ape project, etc).
Chimeras and genetically altered organisms, by their existance, reopen the entire debate over personhood. That means not only a discussion about whether these new creations have human rights, but possibly revisiting past decisions over whether all rights really need to apply to all people.
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