Actually, I come from a country (Australia) where we have what you Americans call socialised medical care.
I am on the high pay bracket, so I pay a lot of tax, but that is only about 35%ish. My contribution to health is an additional 3.5% (plus I have private health insurance in case I want to go private which is on $900ish a year).
So, assuming I earn $100000 (easier to work number, but I don't earn anywhere near that)
I would pay $38000 tax, so my take home is $62000
I have a $220000 mortgage, with a loan repayment of $1600*12 so that leaves me with $36000 to spend on living expenses and travel, and savings etc.
So, Tax is my biggest expenditure (but not for health reasons)
Currently, mortgage and associated expenses of owning a house account for more than 40% of my income (I earn much less than $100000) while tax is only %30ish
The way my wife and I sorted things out is as follows (from our take home wages):
12% goes to church/charities
10% savings (for the un expected or big ticket items)
40% mortgage (we pay a bit more, but we're thinking of rebuilding)
5% transport (I cath a bus she drives our car)
10% bills (we set the money aside, even though some bills are either quarterly or yearly)
5% holidays (we're saving for long trips)
5% for pocket money (we each get an allowance to spend on stuff, like going out, or anything)
10% groceries
2% for gifts (we have lots of friends/family birthdays, weddings whatever) If we plan for it, it makes it easier to spend.
and the rest is just floating around. We don't do it by exact percentages, but we allocate exact amounts we split into dedicated bank accounts on a monthly basis.