So, extortion money?

The tests get "re-normed" every decade or so.

AFAIK, that sort of question isn't in any standard IQ tests, but you might have done an IQ test as part of a battery of tests which included general knowledge.

You are right about the ever moving target. Fundamentally, there is no adequate definition of intelligence. For many, it basically boils down to "can do stuff machines can't", in which case (strong) artificial intelligence is impossible, not due to any limit of the machines, but by definition.

Because of the inability to define precisely what intelligence is, we can fall back on the "as if" test. Treat it as a black box, and if it behaves as if it is intelligent then for all practical purposes, it is intelligent (see turing test). After all, I have no other way of knowing if my fellow humans are intelligent.

I love the circularity.
"Machines can not be conscious."
Me: Can you please define what you mean by consciousness?
"We have no idea what consciousness is."
Me: So how can you say machines cannot be conscious?

Citation needed. I have heard that claim about BEVs but it didn't stand up to fact checking.

It's weird phrasing! I would only say "as single X" if X was a) something that came in integral quantities and normally came in lots. For example I might ask for a single egg when they are normally sold in dozens, but "volt" is a unit for a continuous quantity. What is wrong with "less than one volt" or event "just one volt"?

That still wouldn't tell us the power, of course, but that presumably depends on how much heat is being moved and you could parallel up to any scale.

With refrigerators, the concept is coefficient of performance (heat transferred/work), not efficiency. You can get a COP of well over one (with a theoretical limit equal to the Carnot_cycle). The Carnot cycle is expressed in terms of a fluid, but the result is a limit imposed by the second law of thermodynamics and is independent of the process.

The theoretical limit of COP depends on the ratio of absolute temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs and approaches infinity as as that ratio approaches 1. Practical refrigerative air conditioners can get easily get a COP of greater than 3 in practice.

Lift is the difference between the cold reservoir and the hot reservoir. Think of cooling as pumping heat up hill.

Not necessarily. I use KeepassXC and keep the database on my google drive. KeepassXC is free and opensource and there is an android app and plugins for all the major browsers. I don't know about the apple world. Yes I have looked at the code (at least for the desktop version, admittedly not the phone version) and am pretty sure that it doesn't do anything nefarious.

This is misleading at best. Mild steel is essentially no carbon . High carbon steel is less than 2%. Most of the carbon used in refining iron ore is used to react with the oxygen in the iron ore to make CO2 and leave iron behind.

I think "good" is overstating it. Coking coal almost all still ends up in the atmosphere as CO2. "Excusable" would be more accurate, and only temporarily so, because it is harder to replace coking coal than thermal coal.

Trans-compilers are actually quite easy (compared to having a compiler in the first place). gcc for example, is structured as front ends which convert the source language into an internal representation and backends which normally produce machine code from the internal representation, but can fairly easily be written to produce a target language. The problem is that the output language done this way is pretty unreadable (and unmaintainable) to a human. The other big issue is the run time support/standard libraries, which have to be translated as well, and are often written, at least in part, in something other than the source language.

Yes, but you make it sound like it is a single axis. Really it is more like two axes, so you can have:
* Customers happy, Company making money.
* Customers unhappy, Company losing money.
* Customers happy, Company losing money.
* Customers unhappy, Company making money. Really only works with a captive market and usually not for long.

Dark matter doesn't fit with know physics either. You could argue that dark matter is the simpler explanation, though simpler is sometimes in the eye of the observer.